GROUND STATE FINE STRUCTURES

 

 

1.  Orbits with same semimajor & semiminor axes, just

   different couplings of spin & orbital angular momentum.

 

2.  No Electric Dipole transitions allowed but can have

   Magnetic Dipole transitions (a factor of 137.036 slower).

 

3.  In neutral atoms, splitting is small & emitted photons are

    radio frequency.

 

4.  In highly ionized atoms, emitted photons have visible

    wavelengths, & transitions are fast.